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Biomethane is the fuel obtained from the purification of biogas that can be used as a substitute for traditional source methane gas.
Following appropriate chemical-physical treatments (purification or upgrading), sometimes carried out in a different place from the place of production, BIOMETHANE becomes suitable for the next stage of compression for injection into the natural gas network.
Principali componenti di un impianto di BIOMETANO
Possono essere delle vasche o serbatoi o capannoni (generalmente chiusi) che servono per le operazioni di raccolta ed eventuale pretrattamento delle biomasse, per eliminare eventuali impurità e preparare il materiale organico alla digestione anaerobica.
Through a system of pipes and pumps, the pre-treated organic material is sent to the digester, large hermetically sealed tanks where the biomass is continuously mixed. Here fermentation occurs through the action of microorganisms, producing biogas and digestate.
Some plants store biogas in special external tanks called gasometers, however, it can also be stored inside the digesters themselves. The biogas is then used, further refined or distributed via pipelines or trucks.
Most biogas plants also have a co-generator, a system with an endothermic engine powered by biogas or biomethane, through which it is possible to generate both electricity and thermal energy to be released to the grid, supplied to nearby buildings, and partly used to power the biogas plant itself.
Anaerobic digestion produces not only biogas but also some organic residual materials.
through the fermentation process, the separation of liquid and solid matter (digestate) from the gas generated during anaerobic respiration takes place
BIOGAS and the excess heat generated can be used as fuel, for the plant's own consumption or to produce electricity to be fed into the national grid.
The residual part of the digestion process, formed by what remains of the starting biomass, is used as a natural fertilizer in on-farm crops with a quality significantly superior to manure
SUPPORTING THE
DECARBONIZATION PROCESS
Wastewater, derived from pig, cattle, and poultry farms (e.g., manure, slurry, and poultry manure), is specially selected by a biologist who creates a special recipe through an analysis focused on the customer's needs. This substance is then conveyed inside a special container, the fermenter.
Subsequently, through the use of special hoppers, the eventual integration of biomasses such as: agribusiness industry waste, vegetables and agricultural by-products, such as silo corn, wheat, sorghum and grain, takes place.
The organic matter is then fed into the plant in the absence of oxygen and at a controlled temperature.
This biodegradation of the organic mass is a process commonly referred to as anaerobic digestion, which can convert biomass into gas through a series of anaerobic transformations (in the absence of oxygen) due to the activity of naturally occurring microorganisms, but replicated on an industrial scale.
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